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1 Ankylosing Spondylitis (chronic inflammatory form of arthritis affecting the spine)
Abbreviation: ASУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Ankylosing Spondylitis (chronic inflammatory form of arthritis affecting the spine)
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2 the bends
agonizing pains, especially in the joints, affecting divers when they surface too quickly.التحنّـي (مَرَضٌ يَنْشَأُ عن اخْتِلافِ الضَّغْط الجَوّي) -
3 медленно
•The internal type of disturbance is usually slow in affecting the chemical process outputs.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > медленно
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4 медленно
•The internal type of disturbance is usually slow in affecting the chemical process outputs.
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > медленно
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5 влияние на рынок
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6 dura
dūrus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. root dhar, to fix, confirm], hard.I.Lit.A.Orig. as affecting the sense of feeling:(α).et validi silices ac duri robora ferri,
Lucr. 2, 449; so,silex,
Verg. A. 6, 471:ferrum,
Hor. C. 3, 11, 31:cautes,
Verg. A. 4, 366; Ov. M. 4, 672:bipennes,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 57:ligones,
id. Epod. 5, 30:aratrum,
id. S. 1, 1, 28:compes,
id. Epod. 4, 4:pellis,
Lucr. 6, 1195; Verg. G. 3, 502:arva,
id. ib. 2, 341; cf.cutis,
Ov. M. 8, 805:alvus,
Cels. 6, 18, 9; Hor. S. 2, 4, 27: aqua, hard, i. e. containing much earthy matter, Cels. 2, 30 fin.; cf.muria,
saturated with salt, Col. 6, 30 fin.; 12, 6, 1 et saep., v. muria:dumeta,
i. e. rough, Ov. M. 1, 105 et saep.:gallina,
tough, not yet boiled tender, Hor. S. 2, 4, 18; cf.:fungi, qui in coquendo duriores fient,
Plin. 22, 23, 47, § 99 et saep.— Sup.:ladanum durissimum tactu,
Plin. 26, 8, 30, § 48; cf.:durissimus tophus vel carbunculus,
Col. 3, 11, 7 et saep.—As subst.: dūrum, i, n.E duro (sc. ligno), of the hardened wood of the vine, Col. 3, 6, 2; 3, 10, 15; 21 et saep.; cf. duramentum.—(β).Durum cacare, Mart. 3, 89, 2.—B.Transf.1.As affecting the sense of taste:2.vinum, opp. suavis,
hard, harsh, Pall. Oct. 14, 5; cf.:sapor Bacchi,
Verg. G. 4, 102:acetum,
Ser. Samm. 40 and 351.—As affecting the ear:II.vocis genera permulta:... grave acutum, flexibile durum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 15 and 32.—Hence, in rhet., hard, rough (cf. asper, II.):aspera et dura et dissoluta et hians oratio,
Quint. 8, 6, 62:consonantes,
id. 11, 3, 35:syllabae,
id. 12, 10, 30:verba,
id. 8, 3, 32 sq.; cf. id. 1, 5, 72:compositio,
id. 9, 4, 142.Trop.A.Opp. to cultivated, rough, rulde, uncultivated:2.Q. Aelius Tubero ut vita sic oratione durus, incultus, horridus,
Cic. Brut. 31; cf.:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores, et oratione et moribus,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78; id. Mur. 29:Attilius poëta durissimus,
id. Att. 14, 20, 3:C. Marius, qui durior ad haec studia videbatur,
id. Arch. 9, 19; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93; 8 prooem. § 26; Hor. S. 1, 4, 8 al.:pictor durus in coloribus,
Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 137; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 7: Fauni, gens duro robore nata, Verg. A. 8, 315; cf.:terrea progenies duris caput extulit arvis,
id. G. 2, 341; cf. also Stat. Th. 4, 276 sq.; Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 8.—But sometimes as a praiseworthy quality, opp. to soft, weakly, hardy, vigorous (esp. freq. in poets):B.fortes et duri Spartiatae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 43; cf.:Ligures, durum in armis genus,
Liv. 27, 48:durum genus experiensque laborum,
hardy, Ov. M. 1, 414:unde homines nati, durum genus,
Verg. G. 1, 63 (cf. laas and laos, Pind. Ol. 9, 71):gens dura atque aspera cultu,
a hardy race, id. A. 5, 730:genus humanum durius, tellus quod dura creāsset,
Lucr. 5, 926:Dardanidae,
Verg. A. 3, 94:Hannibal,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 2:Iberia,
id. ib. 4, 14, 50:vindemiator,
id. S. 1, 7, 29; cf.:ilia messorum,
id. Epod. 3, 4:juvenci,
Ov. M. 3, 584 et saep. —Opp. to morally mild, gentle, harsh, rough, stern, unyielding, unfeeling, insensible, obstinate:C.quis se tam durum agrestemque praeberet, qui, etc.,
Cic. Or. 43, 148; cf.:quis nostrum animo tam agresti et duro fuit, ut? etc.,
id. Arch. 8:neque sunt audiendi, qui virtutem duram et quasi ferream esse quandam volunt,
id. Lael. 13 fin.;ingenio esse duro atque inexorabili,
Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 12:satis pater durus fui,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 30; cf. id. Ad. 1, 1, 39; Cic. Cael. 16; Hor. S. 1, 2, 17:Varius qui est habitus judex durior,
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62: cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:mala vel duri lacrimas motura Catonis,
Luc. 9, 50: duriorem se praebere alicujus miserae et afflictae fortunae, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13 A (cf. opp. at the end of the letter: se placabiliorem praebere):duri hominis vel potius vix hominis videtur, periculum capitis inferre multis,
Cic. Off. 2, 14, 50; Hor. C. 4, 1, 7:quid nos dura refugimus aetas?
id. ib. 1, 35, 34:ōs durum,
shameless, impudent, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 36 Ruhnk.; Cic. Quint. 24 fin.; Ov. M. 5, 451:cor,
Vulg. Sirach, 3, 27 et saep. Of the austerity of the Stoic mode of living, v. above, A.—Of things, hard, severe, toilsome; troublesome, burdensome, disagreeable; adverse, unfortunate:A.opulento homini hoc servitus dura est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12; so,servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 44; 2, 25; cf.lex,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 6, 1:condicio,
Cic. Rab. Post. 6 fin.:provincia,
Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 23; cf.partes,
id. Eun. 2, 3, 62; Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8 A:dolor,
Lucr. 3, 460:labor,
id. 5, 1272:subvectiones,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1:venatus,
Ov. M. 4, 307:dura cultu et aspera plaga,
Liv. 45, 30 fin.:durissimo tempore anni,
Caes. B. G. 7, 8, 2; cf. id. B. C. 3, 25, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 5 fin.:morbum acrem ac durum,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119; cf.valetudo,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 88:dolores,
Verg. A. 5, 5:frigus,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10:fames,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 6:pauperies,
id. C. 4, 9, 49:causa,
Lucr. 3, 485; Quint. 4, 1, 25; Hor. S. 1, 10, 26:nomen (opp. molle),
Cic. Off. 1, 12:verbum,
id. Brut. 79, 274:propositio,
Quint. 4, 5, 5 et saep.: De. Etiamne id lex coëgit? Ph. Illud durum, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 8; so in the neutr. sing., Quint. 11, 1, 85; 12, 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 9, 42 et saep.; cf.ellipt.: non vanae redeat sanguis imagini... Durum: sed levius fit patientia, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 24, 19. In plur. subst.: dura, ōrum, n., hardships, difficulties:siccis omnia dura deus proposuit,
Hor. C. 1, 18, 3; id. Ep. 2, 1, 141; Sen. Oedip. 208; Verg. A. 8, 522:ego dura tuli,
Ov. M. 9, 544 al. (In fem. plur. ellipt., sc. partes, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22 very dub.).— Comp.:hi, si quid erat durius, concurrebant,
if any unusual difficulty occurred, Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 6; 5, 29, 6; id. B. C. 3, 94, 6.— Adv. posit. in two forms: dūrĭter and dūre.(Acc. to 1. A.) Hardly:B.juga premunt duriter colla (boum),
Vitr. 10, 8.— Comp.:durius,
Vitr. 10, 15 fin. —(Acc. to II. A.-C.)1.Hardly, stiffly, awkwardly:b.membra moventes Duriter,
Lucr. 5, 1401:duriter,
Auct. Her. 4, 10, 15; Gell. 17, 10, 15:dure,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66; Quint. 9, 4, 58; 10, 2, 19; Gell. 18, 11, 2.— Comp., Ov. R. Am. 337; Hor. S. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 8, 6, 24; 9, 4, 15; 117.—Hardily, rigorously, austerely:2.vitam parce ac duriter agebat,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 47; id. Ad. 1, 1, 20; Novius ap. Non. 512.—Harshly, roughly, sternly:3.quam tibi ex ore orationem duriter dictis dedit,
Enn. Trag. v. 348 Vahl.:duriter,
Afran. Com. v. 251 Rib.; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 28.— Comp., Cic. Lig. 6; id. Att. 1, 1, 4; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; Caes. B. C. 1, 22 fin.; Tac. Agr. 16; id. A. 3, 52; Sen. Ep. 8; Vulg. Gen. 42, 7.— Sup., Hadrian. in Dig. 47, 14, 1.— -
7 durum
dūrus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. root dhar, to fix, confirm], hard.I.Lit.A.Orig. as affecting the sense of feeling:(α).et validi silices ac duri robora ferri,
Lucr. 2, 449; so,silex,
Verg. A. 6, 471:ferrum,
Hor. C. 3, 11, 31:cautes,
Verg. A. 4, 366; Ov. M. 4, 672:bipennes,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 57:ligones,
id. Epod. 5, 30:aratrum,
id. S. 1, 1, 28:compes,
id. Epod. 4, 4:pellis,
Lucr. 6, 1195; Verg. G. 3, 502:arva,
id. ib. 2, 341; cf.cutis,
Ov. M. 8, 805:alvus,
Cels. 6, 18, 9; Hor. S. 2, 4, 27: aqua, hard, i. e. containing much earthy matter, Cels. 2, 30 fin.; cf.muria,
saturated with salt, Col. 6, 30 fin.; 12, 6, 1 et saep., v. muria:dumeta,
i. e. rough, Ov. M. 1, 105 et saep.:gallina,
tough, not yet boiled tender, Hor. S. 2, 4, 18; cf.:fungi, qui in coquendo duriores fient,
Plin. 22, 23, 47, § 99 et saep.— Sup.:ladanum durissimum tactu,
Plin. 26, 8, 30, § 48; cf.:durissimus tophus vel carbunculus,
Col. 3, 11, 7 et saep.—As subst.: dūrum, i, n.E duro (sc. ligno), of the hardened wood of the vine, Col. 3, 6, 2; 3, 10, 15; 21 et saep.; cf. duramentum.—(β).Durum cacare, Mart. 3, 89, 2.—B.Transf.1.As affecting the sense of taste:2.vinum, opp. suavis,
hard, harsh, Pall. Oct. 14, 5; cf.:sapor Bacchi,
Verg. G. 4, 102:acetum,
Ser. Samm. 40 and 351.—As affecting the ear:II.vocis genera permulta:... grave acutum, flexibile durum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 15 and 32.—Hence, in rhet., hard, rough (cf. asper, II.):aspera et dura et dissoluta et hians oratio,
Quint. 8, 6, 62:consonantes,
id. 11, 3, 35:syllabae,
id. 12, 10, 30:verba,
id. 8, 3, 32 sq.; cf. id. 1, 5, 72:compositio,
id. 9, 4, 142.Trop.A.Opp. to cultivated, rough, rulde, uncultivated:2.Q. Aelius Tubero ut vita sic oratione durus, incultus, horridus,
Cic. Brut. 31; cf.:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores, et oratione et moribus,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78; id. Mur. 29:Attilius poëta durissimus,
id. Att. 14, 20, 3:C. Marius, qui durior ad haec studia videbatur,
id. Arch. 9, 19; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93; 8 prooem. § 26; Hor. S. 1, 4, 8 al.:pictor durus in coloribus,
Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 137; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 7: Fauni, gens duro robore nata, Verg. A. 8, 315; cf.:terrea progenies duris caput extulit arvis,
id. G. 2, 341; cf. also Stat. Th. 4, 276 sq.; Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 8.—But sometimes as a praiseworthy quality, opp. to soft, weakly, hardy, vigorous (esp. freq. in poets):B.fortes et duri Spartiatae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 43; cf.:Ligures, durum in armis genus,
Liv. 27, 48:durum genus experiensque laborum,
hardy, Ov. M. 1, 414:unde homines nati, durum genus,
Verg. G. 1, 63 (cf. laas and laos, Pind. Ol. 9, 71):gens dura atque aspera cultu,
a hardy race, id. A. 5, 730:genus humanum durius, tellus quod dura creāsset,
Lucr. 5, 926:Dardanidae,
Verg. A. 3, 94:Hannibal,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 2:Iberia,
id. ib. 4, 14, 50:vindemiator,
id. S. 1, 7, 29; cf.:ilia messorum,
id. Epod. 3, 4:juvenci,
Ov. M. 3, 584 et saep. —Opp. to morally mild, gentle, harsh, rough, stern, unyielding, unfeeling, insensible, obstinate:C.quis se tam durum agrestemque praeberet, qui, etc.,
Cic. Or. 43, 148; cf.:quis nostrum animo tam agresti et duro fuit, ut? etc.,
id. Arch. 8:neque sunt audiendi, qui virtutem duram et quasi ferream esse quandam volunt,
id. Lael. 13 fin.;ingenio esse duro atque inexorabili,
Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 12:satis pater durus fui,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 30; cf. id. Ad. 1, 1, 39; Cic. Cael. 16; Hor. S. 1, 2, 17:Varius qui est habitus judex durior,
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62: cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:mala vel duri lacrimas motura Catonis,
Luc. 9, 50: duriorem se praebere alicujus miserae et afflictae fortunae, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13 A (cf. opp. at the end of the letter: se placabiliorem praebere):duri hominis vel potius vix hominis videtur, periculum capitis inferre multis,
Cic. Off. 2, 14, 50; Hor. C. 4, 1, 7:quid nos dura refugimus aetas?
id. ib. 1, 35, 34:ōs durum,
shameless, impudent, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 36 Ruhnk.; Cic. Quint. 24 fin.; Ov. M. 5, 451:cor,
Vulg. Sirach, 3, 27 et saep. Of the austerity of the Stoic mode of living, v. above, A.—Of things, hard, severe, toilsome; troublesome, burdensome, disagreeable; adverse, unfortunate:A.opulento homini hoc servitus dura est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12; so,servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 44; 2, 25; cf.lex,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 6, 1:condicio,
Cic. Rab. Post. 6 fin.:provincia,
Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 23; cf.partes,
id. Eun. 2, 3, 62; Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8 A:dolor,
Lucr. 3, 460:labor,
id. 5, 1272:subvectiones,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1:venatus,
Ov. M. 4, 307:dura cultu et aspera plaga,
Liv. 45, 30 fin.:durissimo tempore anni,
Caes. B. G. 7, 8, 2; cf. id. B. C. 3, 25, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 5 fin.:morbum acrem ac durum,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119; cf.valetudo,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 88:dolores,
Verg. A. 5, 5:frigus,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10:fames,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 6:pauperies,
id. C. 4, 9, 49:causa,
Lucr. 3, 485; Quint. 4, 1, 25; Hor. S. 1, 10, 26:nomen (opp. molle),
Cic. Off. 1, 12:verbum,
id. Brut. 79, 274:propositio,
Quint. 4, 5, 5 et saep.: De. Etiamne id lex coëgit? Ph. Illud durum, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 8; so in the neutr. sing., Quint. 11, 1, 85; 12, 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 9, 42 et saep.; cf.ellipt.: non vanae redeat sanguis imagini... Durum: sed levius fit patientia, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 24, 19. In plur. subst.: dura, ōrum, n., hardships, difficulties:siccis omnia dura deus proposuit,
Hor. C. 1, 18, 3; id. Ep. 2, 1, 141; Sen. Oedip. 208; Verg. A. 8, 522:ego dura tuli,
Ov. M. 9, 544 al. (In fem. plur. ellipt., sc. partes, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22 very dub.).— Comp.:hi, si quid erat durius, concurrebant,
if any unusual difficulty occurred, Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 6; 5, 29, 6; id. B. C. 3, 94, 6.— Adv. posit. in two forms: dūrĭter and dūre.(Acc. to 1. A.) Hardly:B.juga premunt duriter colla (boum),
Vitr. 10, 8.— Comp.:durius,
Vitr. 10, 15 fin. —(Acc. to II. A.-C.)1.Hardly, stiffly, awkwardly:b.membra moventes Duriter,
Lucr. 5, 1401:duriter,
Auct. Her. 4, 10, 15; Gell. 17, 10, 15:dure,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66; Quint. 9, 4, 58; 10, 2, 19; Gell. 18, 11, 2.— Comp., Ov. R. Am. 337; Hor. S. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 8, 6, 24; 9, 4, 15; 117.—Hardily, rigorously, austerely:2.vitam parce ac duriter agebat,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 47; id. Ad. 1, 1, 20; Novius ap. Non. 512.—Harshly, roughly, sternly:3.quam tibi ex ore orationem duriter dictis dedit,
Enn. Trag. v. 348 Vahl.:duriter,
Afran. Com. v. 251 Rib.; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 28.— Comp., Cic. Lig. 6; id. Att. 1, 1, 4; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; Caes. B. C. 1, 22 fin.; Tac. Agr. 16; id. A. 3, 52; Sen. Ep. 8; Vulg. Gen. 42, 7.— Sup., Hadrian. in Dig. 47, 14, 1.— -
8 durus
dūrus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. Sanscr. root dhar, to fix, confirm], hard.I.Lit.A.Orig. as affecting the sense of feeling:(α).et validi silices ac duri robora ferri,
Lucr. 2, 449; so,silex,
Verg. A. 6, 471:ferrum,
Hor. C. 3, 11, 31:cautes,
Verg. A. 4, 366; Ov. M. 4, 672:bipennes,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 57:ligones,
id. Epod. 5, 30:aratrum,
id. S. 1, 1, 28:compes,
id. Epod. 4, 4:pellis,
Lucr. 6, 1195; Verg. G. 3, 502:arva,
id. ib. 2, 341; cf.cutis,
Ov. M. 8, 805:alvus,
Cels. 6, 18, 9; Hor. S. 2, 4, 27: aqua, hard, i. e. containing much earthy matter, Cels. 2, 30 fin.; cf.muria,
saturated with salt, Col. 6, 30 fin.; 12, 6, 1 et saep., v. muria:dumeta,
i. e. rough, Ov. M. 1, 105 et saep.:gallina,
tough, not yet boiled tender, Hor. S. 2, 4, 18; cf.:fungi, qui in coquendo duriores fient,
Plin. 22, 23, 47, § 99 et saep.— Sup.:ladanum durissimum tactu,
Plin. 26, 8, 30, § 48; cf.:durissimus tophus vel carbunculus,
Col. 3, 11, 7 et saep.—As subst.: dūrum, i, n.E duro (sc. ligno), of the hardened wood of the vine, Col. 3, 6, 2; 3, 10, 15; 21 et saep.; cf. duramentum.—(β).Durum cacare, Mart. 3, 89, 2.—B.Transf.1.As affecting the sense of taste:2.vinum, opp. suavis,
hard, harsh, Pall. Oct. 14, 5; cf.:sapor Bacchi,
Verg. G. 4, 102:acetum,
Ser. Samm. 40 and 351.—As affecting the ear:II.vocis genera permulta:... grave acutum, flexibile durum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 58, 146; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 15 and 32.—Hence, in rhet., hard, rough (cf. asper, II.):aspera et dura et dissoluta et hians oratio,
Quint. 8, 6, 62:consonantes,
id. 11, 3, 35:syllabae,
id. 12, 10, 30:verba,
id. 8, 3, 32 sq.; cf. id. 1, 5, 72:compositio,
id. 9, 4, 142.Trop.A.Opp. to cultivated, rough, rulde, uncultivated:2.Q. Aelius Tubero ut vita sic oratione durus, incultus, horridus,
Cic. Brut. 31; cf.:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores, et oratione et moribus,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78; id. Mur. 29:Attilius poëta durissimus,
id. Att. 14, 20, 3:C. Marius, qui durior ad haec studia videbatur,
id. Arch. 9, 19; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93; 8 prooem. § 26; Hor. S. 1, 4, 8 al.:pictor durus in coloribus,
Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 137; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 7: Fauni, gens duro robore nata, Verg. A. 8, 315; cf.:terrea progenies duris caput extulit arvis,
id. G. 2, 341; cf. also Stat. Th. 4, 276 sq.; Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 8.—But sometimes as a praiseworthy quality, opp. to soft, weakly, hardy, vigorous (esp. freq. in poets):B.fortes et duri Spartiatae,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 43; cf.:Ligures, durum in armis genus,
Liv. 27, 48:durum genus experiensque laborum,
hardy, Ov. M. 1, 414:unde homines nati, durum genus,
Verg. G. 1, 63 (cf. laas and laos, Pind. Ol. 9, 71):gens dura atque aspera cultu,
a hardy race, id. A. 5, 730:genus humanum durius, tellus quod dura creāsset,
Lucr. 5, 926:Dardanidae,
Verg. A. 3, 94:Hannibal,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 2:Iberia,
id. ib. 4, 14, 50:vindemiator,
id. S. 1, 7, 29; cf.:ilia messorum,
id. Epod. 3, 4:juvenci,
Ov. M. 3, 584 et saep. —Opp. to morally mild, gentle, harsh, rough, stern, unyielding, unfeeling, insensible, obstinate:C.quis se tam durum agrestemque praeberet, qui, etc.,
Cic. Or. 43, 148; cf.:quis nostrum animo tam agresti et duro fuit, ut? etc.,
id. Arch. 8:neque sunt audiendi, qui virtutem duram et quasi ferream esse quandam volunt,
id. Lael. 13 fin.;ingenio esse duro atque inexorabili,
Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 12:satis pater durus fui,
id. Heaut. 3, 1, 30; cf. id. Ad. 1, 1, 39; Cic. Cael. 16; Hor. S. 1, 2, 17:Varius qui est habitus judex durior,
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62: cf. Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 4:mala vel duri lacrimas motura Catonis,
Luc. 9, 50: duriorem se praebere alicujus miserae et afflictae fortunae, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13 A (cf. opp. at the end of the letter: se placabiliorem praebere):duri hominis vel potius vix hominis videtur, periculum capitis inferre multis,
Cic. Off. 2, 14, 50; Hor. C. 4, 1, 7:quid nos dura refugimus aetas?
id. ib. 1, 35, 34:ōs durum,
shameless, impudent, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 36 Ruhnk.; Cic. Quint. 24 fin.; Ov. M. 5, 451:cor,
Vulg. Sirach, 3, 27 et saep. Of the austerity of the Stoic mode of living, v. above, A.—Of things, hard, severe, toilsome; troublesome, burdensome, disagreeable; adverse, unfortunate:A.opulento homini hoc servitus dura est,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 12; so,servitus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 44; 2, 25; cf.lex,
Plaut. Merc. 4, 6, 1:condicio,
Cic. Rab. Post. 6 fin.:provincia,
Ter. Ph. 1, 2, 23; cf.partes,
id. Eun. 2, 3, 62; Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8 A:dolor,
Lucr. 3, 460:labor,
id. 5, 1272:subvectiones,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1:venatus,
Ov. M. 4, 307:dura cultu et aspera plaga,
Liv. 45, 30 fin.:durissimo tempore anni,
Caes. B. G. 7, 8, 2; cf. id. B. C. 3, 25, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 5 fin.:morbum acrem ac durum,
Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 119; cf.valetudo,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 88:dolores,
Verg. A. 5, 5:frigus,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10:fames,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 6:pauperies,
id. C. 4, 9, 49:causa,
Lucr. 3, 485; Quint. 4, 1, 25; Hor. S. 1, 10, 26:nomen (opp. molle),
Cic. Off. 1, 12:verbum,
id. Brut. 79, 274:propositio,
Quint. 4, 5, 5 et saep.: De. Etiamne id lex coëgit? Ph. Illud durum, Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 8; so in the neutr. sing., Quint. 11, 1, 85; 12, 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 9, 42 et saep.; cf.ellipt.: non vanae redeat sanguis imagini... Durum: sed levius fit patientia, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 24, 19. In plur. subst.: dura, ōrum, n., hardships, difficulties:siccis omnia dura deus proposuit,
Hor. C. 1, 18, 3; id. Ep. 2, 1, 141; Sen. Oedip. 208; Verg. A. 8, 522:ego dura tuli,
Ov. M. 9, 544 al. (In fem. plur. ellipt., sc. partes, Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22 very dub.).— Comp.:hi, si quid erat durius, concurrebant,
if any unusual difficulty occurred, Caes. B. G. 1, 48, 6; 5, 29, 6; id. B. C. 3, 94, 6.— Adv. posit. in two forms: dūrĭter and dūre.(Acc. to 1. A.) Hardly:B.juga premunt duriter colla (boum),
Vitr. 10, 8.— Comp.:durius,
Vitr. 10, 15 fin. —(Acc. to II. A.-C.)1.Hardly, stiffly, awkwardly:b.membra moventes Duriter,
Lucr. 5, 1401:duriter,
Auct. Her. 4, 10, 15; Gell. 17, 10, 15:dure,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 66; Quint. 9, 4, 58; 10, 2, 19; Gell. 18, 11, 2.— Comp., Ov. R. Am. 337; Hor. S. 2, 3, 22; Quint. 8, 6, 24; 9, 4, 15; 117.—Hardily, rigorously, austerely:2.vitam parce ac duriter agebat,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 47; id. Ad. 1, 1, 20; Novius ap. Non. 512.—Harshly, roughly, sternly:3.quam tibi ex ore orationem duriter dictis dedit,
Enn. Trag. v. 348 Vahl.:duriter,
Afran. Com. v. 251 Rib.; Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 28.— Comp., Cic. Lig. 6; id. Att. 1, 1, 4; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; Caes. B. C. 1, 22 fin.; Tac. Agr. 16; id. A. 3, 52; Sen. Ep. 8; Vulg. Gen. 42, 7.— Sup., Hadrian. in Dig. 47, 14, 1.— -
9 abierto
adj.1 open.2 sincere, candid, frank, out-front.3 open to communication, tolerant, receptive.4 open, unprotected from the wind, exposed.past part.past participle of spanish verb: abrir.* * *1→ link=abrir abrir► adjetivo1 open, unlocked2 (grifo) (turned) on4 (tolerante) open-minded5 LINGÚÍSTICA open\abierto,-a al mar seaward-lookingabierto,-a de par en par wide openquedarse con la boca abierta figurado to be left speechless* * *(f. - abierta)adj.* * *1.PP de abrir2. ADJ1) [puerta, armario, boca, herida] openme miró con los ojos muy abiertos — he looked at me with his eyes wide-open, he looked at me with wide-open eyes
boca, brazo, librodejar abierto — [+ ventana, cortina, válvula] to leave open; [+ grifo] to leave running, leave on
2) [comercio, museo, oficina] open3) (=sin obstáculos) [competición, billete] open4) (=extrovertido) [persona] open, outgoing; [carácter, mentalidad] opentiene una mentalidad muy abierta — he's very open-minded, he's got a very open mind
5)estar abierto a — [+ sugerencias, ideas] to be open to
6) (=directo) [contradicción, oposición] open; [desafío] direct7) (TV)en abierto: emitir un programa en abierto — to broadcast a programme unscrambled
8) (Ling) [vocal, sonido] open3.SM(Dep)* * *I- ta adjetivo1)a) <ventana/boca> openb) [estar] < válvula> opendejaste la llave abierto — you left the faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap running o on
c) ( desabrochado) undoned) < herida> open; <madera/costura> split2) <comercio/museo> open3) (Ling) < vocal> open4)a) [ser] ( espontáneo) openb) ( receptivo) open-minded5) (manifiesto, directo) openII1) (Dep) open (tournament)2) (Col) ( claro) clearing* * *= receptive, open, overt, outgoing, open-ended, candid, wide open, up-front [up front], free-flowing, avowed, unreserved, unlocked.Ex. The greatest handicap was the fact that we weren't as receptive to change as we should have been and I think we're now on a different track.Ex. In natural language indexing which uses a stop-list only, the indexing language is open.Ex. Whether the conditioning was the result of overt analysis of the failure to learn lessons or whether they simply become covert factors subconsciously affecting the way later thought developed is something of a moot point.Ex. University librarians must adopt a more outgoing strategy to convince staff and students of the value of their collections.Ex. New systems incorporating such resources will produce an information environment that is dynamic and open-ended.Ex. To do this is to thwart the goal of eliciting genuine dialogue -- candid, searching, and purposeful discussion -- and motivating students to think, to study, to weigh ideas, and to develop their own solutions.Ex. The key to this broader world is the possession of books, but if the door stands wide open there is no need of a key.Ex. The author recommends the up-front negotiation of ownership accompanied by a written agreement to eliminate the possibility of doubt as to the identity of the owner.Ex. Creating an innovative organisation requires a sponsor followed by guidance by example and gradual change aided by free-flowing communication.Ex. Anne Bogart's novel combines avowed misogyny with postfeminist frolic.Ex. I will be thankful to the readers for their unreserved comments on the book.Ex. Theft or attempted theft of belongings is excluded if your car has been left unlocked, left with the keys in it or with a window or roof open.----* abierto al público = open for public viewing.* abierto a ofertas = ono [or nearest offer].* abierto de par en par = wide open.* abierto por la noche = late night.* acceso abierto = open access (OA).* aplicación de código abierto = open source software.* cajón abierto = tray.* caso abierto = cold case.* cirugía a corazón abierto = open heart surgery.* curva muy abierta = sweeping curve.* de diseño abierto = open-plan, open-planned.* dejar abierta la posibilidad de que = leave + open the possibility that.* dejar la cuestión abierta = leave + the question open.* dejar la puerta abierta de par en par = leave + the door wide open.* de plan abierto = open-plan, open-planned.* diseño abierto = open plan.* en mar abierto = on the open sea.* estar abierto a = be open to.* fractura abierta = open fracture, compound fracture.* jornada de puertas abiertas = open day.* mantener los ojos bien abiertos = keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open, keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned.* mar abierto = open sea, open ocean.* medio abierto = half-opened, half-way open.* plan abierto = openness, open plan.* pregunta abierta = open-ended question.* programa de código abierto = open source software.* puertas abiertas = open house.* puntas abiertas = split ends.* ser como un libro abierto = be an open book.* ser un libro abierto = be an open book.* software abierto = open software.* software de código abierto = open source software.* temporada abierta = open season.* tener la bragueta abierta = fly + be undone.* tienes la bragueta abierta = you've got egg on your chin.* zona abierta = open area.* * *I- ta adjetivo1)a) <ventana/boca> openb) [estar] < válvula> opendejaste la llave abierto — you left the faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap running o on
c) ( desabrochado) undoned) < herida> open; <madera/costura> split2) <comercio/museo> open3) (Ling) < vocal> open4)a) [ser] ( espontáneo) openb) ( receptivo) open-minded5) (manifiesto, directo) openII1) (Dep) open (tournament)2) (Col) ( claro) clearing* * *= receptive, open, overt, outgoing, open-ended, candid, wide open, up-front [up front], free-flowing, avowed, unreserved, unlocked.Ex: The greatest handicap was the fact that we weren't as receptive to change as we should have been and I think we're now on a different track.
Ex: In natural language indexing which uses a stop-list only, the indexing language is open.Ex: Whether the conditioning was the result of overt analysis of the failure to learn lessons or whether they simply become covert factors subconsciously affecting the way later thought developed is something of a moot point.Ex: University librarians must adopt a more outgoing strategy to convince staff and students of the value of their collections.Ex: New systems incorporating such resources will produce an information environment that is dynamic and open-ended.Ex: To do this is to thwart the goal of eliciting genuine dialogue -- candid, searching, and purposeful discussion -- and motivating students to think, to study, to weigh ideas, and to develop their own solutions.Ex: The key to this broader world is the possession of books, but if the door stands wide open there is no need of a key.Ex: The author recommends the up-front negotiation of ownership accompanied by a written agreement to eliminate the possibility of doubt as to the identity of the owner.Ex: Creating an innovative organisation requires a sponsor followed by guidance by example and gradual change aided by free-flowing communication.Ex: Anne Bogart's novel combines avowed misogyny with postfeminist frolic.Ex: I will be thankful to the readers for their unreserved comments on the book.Ex: Theft or attempted theft of belongings is excluded if your car has been left unlocked, left with the keys in it or with a window or roof open.* abierto al público = open for public viewing.* abierto a ofertas = ono [or nearest offer].* abierto de par en par = wide open.* abierto por la noche = late night.* acceso abierto = open access (OA).* aplicación de código abierto = open source software.* cajón abierto = tray.* caso abierto = cold case.* cirugía a corazón abierto = open heart surgery.* curva muy abierta = sweeping curve.* de diseño abierto = open-plan, open-planned.* dejar abierta la posibilidad de que = leave + open the possibility that.* dejar la cuestión abierta = leave + the question open.* dejar la puerta abierta de par en par = leave + the door wide open.* de plan abierto = open-plan, open-planned.* diseño abierto = open plan.* en mar abierto = on the open sea.* estar abierto a = be open to.* fractura abierta = open fracture, compound fracture.* jornada de puertas abiertas = open day.* mantener los ojos bien abiertos = keep + Posesivo + eyes (wide) open, keep + Posesivo + eyes peeled, keep + Posesivo + eyes skinned.* mar abierto = open sea, open ocean.* medio abierto = half-opened, half-way open.* plan abierto = openness, open plan.* pregunta abierta = open-ended question.* programa de código abierto = open source software.* puertas abiertas = open house.* puntas abiertas = split ends.* ser como un libro abierto = be an open book.* ser un libro abierto = be an open book.* software abierto = open software.* software de código abierto = open source software.* temporada abierta = open season.* tener la bragueta abierta = fly + be undone.* tienes la bragueta abierta = you've got egg on your chin.* zona abierta = open area.* * *A1 ‹ventana/ojos/boca› openla puerta estaba abierta de par en par the door was wide open¡entra! está abierto come in! it's openme miró con los ojos muy abiertos she looked at me with eyes wide openno dejes la botella abierta don't leave the top off the bottlemándalo en un sobre abierto send it in an unsealed envelopela carta venía abierta the letter was already open o had already been opened when it arriveddejó el libro abierto sobre la mesa he left the book open on the tabledeja las cortinas abiertas leave the curtains openlos espacios abiertos de la ciudad the city's open spaces2 ‹válvula› openhas dejado el grifo abierto you've left the tap running o on3 (desabrochado) undonellevas la blusa abierta your blouse is undone4 ‹herida› open5 ‹madera/costura› splittengo todas las puntas abiertas I have a lot of split endsB ‹comercio/museo/tienda› openno había un solo restaurante abierto there wasn't a single restaurant openestará abierta al público a partir del próximo lunes it will be open to the public from next MondayC ( Ling) ‹vocal› openD1 (espontáneo) opentiene un carácter muy abierto she has a very open nature2 (receptivo) open-mindedtiene una mente muy abierta she has a very open mind, she's very open-mindedabierto A algo open TO sthes una persona muy abierta al diálogo/a ideas nuevas she's very open to dialogue/to new ideasestoy abierto a toda clase de sugerencias I'm open to all kinds of suggestionsE (manifiesto, directo) openla orden se dio con la abierta oposición de los militares the order was given despite overt o open opposition from the militaryse convirtió en un enfrentamiento bélico abierto it escalated into open warfareF* * *
Del verbo abrir: ( conjugate abrir)
abierto es:
el participio
Multiple Entries:
abierto
abrir
abierto 1◊ -ta adjetivo
1
con los ojos muy abiertos with eyes wide open;
un sobre abierto an unsealed envelope;
los espacios abiertos de la ciudad the city's open spaces
◊ dejaste la llave abierto you left the faucet (AmE) o (BrE) tap running
‹madera/costura› split
2 [estar] ‹comercio/museo› open
3 (Ling) ‹ vocal› open
4
abierto a algo open to sth
5 (manifiesto, directo) open
abierto 2 sustantivo masculino (Dep) open (tournament)
abrir ( conjugate abrir) verbo transitivo
1 ( en general) to open;
‹ paraguas› to open, put up;
‹ mapa› to open out, unfold;
‹ cortinas› to open, draw back;
‹ persianas› to raise, pull up;
‹ cremallera› to undo
2 ‹llave/gas› to turn on;
‹ válvula› to open;
‹ cerradura› to unlock
3
‹ agujero› to make
4
( inaugurar) to open (up);◊ ¿a qué hora abren la taquilla? what time does the box office open?
‹ frontera› to open (up)
5
‹ negocio› to start, set up;
‹ suscripción› to take out;
‹ investigación› to begin, set up;
abierto fuego to open fire
6 ‹ apetito› to whet
abrirse verbo pronominal
1
abiertose a algo ‹a jardín/corredor› to open onto sth
[ paracaídas] to open
2 ( refl) ‹chaqueta/cremallera› to undo
3
[ perspectivas] to open up;
abierto,-a adjetivo
1 open
(grifo) (turned) on: dejaste la ventana abierta de par en par, you left the window wide open
2 (sin restricciones, cercas, límites) open: salimos a campo abierto, we went out to the open
el europeo es un mercado abierto, Europe is an open market
3 (sin tapujos) clear: es una abierta declaración de intenciones, it's an open declaration of her intentions
carta abierta al señor ministro, an open letter to the minister
4 (persona receptiva) open-minded
(extrovertido) open
5 Dep open
abrir
I verbo transitivo
1 (separar, permitir el acceso, desplegar) to open
(una cerradura) to unlock
(una cremallera) to undo
2 (una llave, un grifo) to turn on
3 (hacer una zanja, un túnel, etc) to dig
(hacer un ojal, el agujero de una ventana) to make: abriremos una ventana en esta pared, we'll make an opening for a window on this wall
4 (iniciar un discurso, una actividad) to open, start: van a abrir una tienda en la esquina, they're going to open a shop on the corner
tienes que abrir una cuenta en este banco, you've got to open an account at this bank
5 (ampliar, expandir) to open: deberíamos abrir nuestro mercado, we should open up our market
6 (rajar) to slit: cuando abrimos la sandía resultó que no estaba madura, when we cut open the watermelon we realised that it wasn't ripe
abrieron la res en canal, they slit open the animal
7 Jur a Álvarez le han abierto un expediente, they have started investigating Álvarez
II verbo intransitivo
1 to open
♦ Locuciones: en un abrir y cerrar de ojos, in the twinkling of an eye
' abierto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abierta
- abrir
- accesible
- brecha
- cerrar
- cielo
- expansiva
- expansivo
- plaza
- apetito
- carácter
- entre
- mar
- mina
- operación
- par
English:
all-night
- clash
- door
- establish
- gate
- half-open
- lest
- nowhere
- open
- outspoken
- raw
- restricted
- revolving credit
- run
- undone
- upfront
- wide
- wide open
- all
- beer
- gape
- gaping
- on
- overt
- somewhere
- undisguised
- work
* * *abierto, -a♦ participiover abrir♦ adj1. [puerta, boca, tienda] open;abierto de par en par wide open;abierto de 9 a 5 [en letrero] opening hours: 9 to 5;abierto hasta tarde open late;abierto al público open to the public;la cabaña está en pleno campo abierto the cabin is in open country2. [herida] open3. [desabrochado] undone;llevas abierta la camisa your shirt is undone5. [cheque] open6. [claro] open;mostró su abierta oposición al proyecto he was openly opposed to the project;existe una abierta enemistad entre los dos políticos the two politicians are quite openly enemies8. [liberal, tolerante] open-minded;tiene una mentalidad muy abierta she's very open-minded;estar abierto a cualquier sugerencia to be open to suggestions9. [franco, sincero] open;es una persona muy abierta, nunca oculta nada she's very open, she never hides anything10. [sin decidir] open;promete ser una final muy abierta it promises to be a very open o evenly contested final11. TVun programa en abierto = on pay TV, a programme which is not scrambled so that non-subscribers may also watch it♦ nm1. Dep open (tournament)el abierto británico the British Open;el abierto USA the US Open* * *I part → abrirII adj tb persona open;está abierto a nuevas ideas fig he’s open to new ideas* * *abierto, -ta adj1) : open2) : candid, frank3) : generous♦ abiertamente adv* * *abierto adj1. (en general) open¿está abierta la tienda? is the shop open?2. (grifo, gas) on3. (persona) open / open minded -
10 molestia
f.1 bother, trouble.ocasionar o causar molestias a alguien to cause somebody troublesi no es demasiada molestia if it's not too much troubleperdone la molestia, pero… sorry to bother you, but…tomarse la molestia de hacer algo to take the trouble to do something2 discomfort.* * *1 (incomodidad) bother, trouble; (fastidio) nuisance2 MEDICINA trouble, slight pain\no es molestia it's no troubleperdonen las molestias please excuse the inconvenienceser una molestia to be a nuisancesi no es molestia if you don't mindtomarse la molestia de hacer algo to take the trouble to do something* * *noun f.1) annoyance, bother, nuisance2) trouble* * *SF1) (=trastorno) bother, trouble¿me podrías llevar a casa, si no es mucha molestia? — could you take me home, if it's not too much bother o trouble?
perdone la molestia, pero... — sorry to bother you, but...
¡no es ninguna molestia, estaré encantado de ayudarte! — it's no trouble at all, I'll be happy to help!
"perdonen las molestias" — "we apologize for any inconvenience"
•
ahorrarse la molestia de hacer algo — to save o.s. the bother o trouble of doing sth•
tomarse la molestia de hacer algo — to take the trouble to do sthno tenías que haberte tomado la molestia — you shouldn't have bothered o taken the trouble, you shouldn't have put yourself out
2) (Med) discomfortsi persisten las molestias, consulte a un especialista — if the discomfort o trouble persists, consult a specialist
* * *1)a) (incomodidad, trastorno) troubleperdona la molestia, pero... — sorry to bother you, but...
rogamos disculpen las molestias ocasionadas — (frml) we apologize for any inconvenience caused (frml)
b) ( trabajo)¿para qué te tomaste la molestia? — why did you bother to do that?
molestia DE + inf: ahórrate la molestia de ir save yourself the trip; se tomó la molestia de escribirnos — she took the trouble to write to us
2) ( malestar)molestias estomacales — stomach problems o upsets
no es un dolor, sólo una molestia — it's not a pain, just a feeling of discomfort
* * *= annoyance, discomfort, disruption, encumbrance, nuisance, pain, trial, embarrassment, aggravation, disturbance, irksomeness, mischief, ache, hassle, pest, irritant, soreness, niggling, niggle, self-effacement, inconvenience.Nota: Nombre.Ex. False drops are perhaps less of an annoyance in a computer-based system when brief records can be quickly scanned and rejected as necessary.Ex. Discomfort is caused if windows are opened, heat, cold, dirt and noise are offered 'open-access' to the interior.Ex. An academic library should be extendible to permit future growth with minimum disruption.Ex. Meanwhile we are asked to accept encumbrances that will needlessly impair the effectiveness of our catalogs for an indefinite time to come.Ex. However, delays in the generation of centralised records can be a considerable nuisance.Ex. For instance, if discharge is 'watery' or 'purulent,' vision is 'blurred,' pain is 'moderate,' then corneal trauma or infection is diagnosed.Ex. He wrote an article with the title 'The trials and traumas of authorship'.Ex. Patrons who are reluctant to seek assistance in using reference books or the card catalog, feel no embarrassment about seeking help in the 'automated' setting.Ex. One reads, for instance, that a parameter in assessing the maximum period a user can be kept waiting is the ' aggravation quotient'.Ex. A centralised system was chosen to ensure speedy receipt and dissemination with minimal disturbances.Ex. Teachers who keep reading records find that the light they throw on their work compensates for the irksomeness of the administrative chore of keeping them up to date.Ex. The author discusses the characteristics of programs designed specifically to cause mischief to computer owners who download and run the programs = El autor analiza las características de los programas diseñados específicamente para causar problemas a los propietarios de ordenadores que los descargan y ejecutan.Ex. Last year I did not prefer cushioned running shoes, but now I'm a year older with new aches and pains, so I want a shoe with added support.Ex. The article is entitled 'How to implement electronic subscriptions replacing the routing list hassle'.Ex. Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the inconsiderate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.Ex. Common factors affecting the quality of air in libraries include scents and other controllable irritants, dust mites, moulds and other inhaled substances associated with paper and books.Ex. While there are no significant injury worries to speak of, there is no doubt both sides have a number of players with general soreness and niggling.Ex. While there are no significant injury worries to speak of, there is no doubt both sides have a number of players with general soreness and niggling.Ex. Wilson was limping around so he must have picked up a knock or aggravated a niggle that he already had.Ex. Mark's Gospel reveals the power of God as self-effacement and self-giving love rather than domination and conquest.Ex. The main inconveniences of item record indexes arise from the necessity of searching the entire file.----* ahorrar la molestia = spare + Nombre + a problem.* ahorrar molestia = save + trouble.* ahorrarse la molestia de = obviate + the need for.* causar molestias = cause + disruption, inconvenience, cause + inconvenience.* disculpe(n) las molestias = sorry for the inconvenience.* molestia de estómago = stomach ache.* molestias y dolores = aches and pains.* ocasionar molestias = cause + disruption.* perdone(n) las molestias = sorry for the inconvenience.* ser una molestia = be a pest.* sin molestias = hassle-free.* tomarse la molestia de = take + the trouble to, take + the time and effort, take + the time to + Infinitivo.* * *1)a) (incomodidad, trastorno) troubleperdona la molestia, pero... — sorry to bother you, but...
rogamos disculpen las molestias ocasionadas — (frml) we apologize for any inconvenience caused (frml)
b) ( trabajo)¿para qué te tomaste la molestia? — why did you bother to do that?
molestia DE + inf: ahórrate la molestia de ir save yourself the trip; se tomó la molestia de escribirnos — she took the trouble to write to us
2) ( malestar)molestias estomacales — stomach problems o upsets
no es un dolor, sólo una molestia — it's not a pain, just a feeling of discomfort
* * *= annoyance, discomfort, disruption, encumbrance, nuisance, pain, trial, embarrassment, aggravation, disturbance, irksomeness, mischief, ache, hassle, pest, irritant, soreness, niggling, niggle, self-effacement, inconvenience.Nota: Nombre.Ex: False drops are perhaps less of an annoyance in a computer-based system when brief records can be quickly scanned and rejected as necessary.
Ex: Discomfort is caused if windows are opened, heat, cold, dirt and noise are offered 'open-access' to the interior.Ex: An academic library should be extendible to permit future growth with minimum disruption.Ex: Meanwhile we are asked to accept encumbrances that will needlessly impair the effectiveness of our catalogs for an indefinite time to come.Ex: However, delays in the generation of centralised records can be a considerable nuisance.Ex: For instance, if discharge is 'watery' or 'purulent,' vision is 'blurred,' pain is 'moderate,' then corneal trauma or infection is diagnosed.Ex: He wrote an article with the title 'The trials and traumas of authorship'.Ex: Patrons who are reluctant to seek assistance in using reference books or the card catalog, feel no embarrassment about seeking help in the 'automated' setting.Ex: One reads, for instance, that a parameter in assessing the maximum period a user can be kept waiting is the ' aggravation quotient'.Ex: A centralised system was chosen to ensure speedy receipt and dissemination with minimal disturbances.Ex: Teachers who keep reading records find that the light they throw on their work compensates for the irksomeness of the administrative chore of keeping them up to date.Ex: The author discusses the characteristics of programs designed specifically to cause mischief to computer owners who download and run the programs = El autor analiza las características de los programas diseñados específicamente para causar problemas a los propietarios de ordenadores que los descargan y ejecutan.Ex: Last year I did not prefer cushioned running shoes, but now I'm a year older with new aches and pains, so I want a shoe with added support.Ex: The article is entitled 'How to implement electronic subscriptions replacing the routing list hassle'.Ex: Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the inconsiderate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.Ex: Common factors affecting the quality of air in libraries include scents and other controllable irritants, dust mites, moulds and other inhaled substances associated with paper and books.Ex: While there are no significant injury worries to speak of, there is no doubt both sides have a number of players with general soreness and niggling.Ex: While there are no significant injury worries to speak of, there is no doubt both sides have a number of players with general soreness and niggling.Ex: Wilson was limping around so he must have picked up a knock or aggravated a niggle that he already had.Ex: Mark's Gospel reveals the power of God as self-effacement and self-giving love rather than domination and conquest.Ex: The main inconveniences of item record indexes arise from the necessity of searching the entire file.* ahorrar la molestia = spare + Nombre + a problem.* ahorrar molestia = save + trouble.* ahorrarse la molestia de = obviate + the need for.* causar molestias = cause + disruption, inconvenience, cause + inconvenience.* disculpe(n) las molestias = sorry for the inconvenience.* molestia de estómago = stomach ache.* molestias y dolores = aches and pains.* ocasionar molestias = cause + disruption.* perdone(n) las molestias = sorry for the inconvenience.* ser una molestia = be a pest.* sin molestias = hassle-free.* tomarse la molestia de = take + the trouble to, take + the time and effort, take + the time to + Infinitivo.* * *A1(incomodidad, trastorno): siento causarte tantas molestias I'm sorry to be such a nuisance o to cause you so much trouble o to put you out like thisperdona la molestia, pero … sorry to bother you, but …no es ninguna molestia, yo te llevo it's no trouble at all, I'll take you there¿me podría cambiar el tenedor, si no es molestia? would you mind giving me a new fork, please?rogamos disculpen las molestias ocasionadas por el retraso ( frml); we apologize for any inconvenience caused by the delay ( frml)2(trabajo): ¿para qué te has tomado la molestia? why did you bother to do that?, you shouldn't have put yourself outmolestia DE + INF:ahórrate la molestia de ir save yourself the tripse tomó la molestia de escribirnos a cada uno en particular she took the trouble to write to each of us individuallyB(malestar): puede causar molestias estomacales it may cause stomach problems o upsets, it may upset the stomachlas molestias que suelen acompañar a los estados gripales the aches and pains often symptomatic of fluno es un dolor, sólo una ligera molestia it's not a pain, just a slight feeling of discomforta la primera molestia, me tomo un calmante as soon as it starts to hurt, I take a painkiller* * *
molestia sustantivo femenino
1a) (incomodidad, trastorno):
siento causarte tantas molestias I'm sorry to cause you so much trouble;
perdona la molestia, pero … sorry to bother you, but …
¿para qué te tomaste la molestia? why did you bother to do that?;
no es ninguna molestia it's no trouble o bother
2 ( malestar):◊ molestias estomacales stomach problems o upsets;
no es un dolor, solo una molestia it's not a pain, just a feeling of discomfort
molestia sustantivo femenino
1 (incomodidad) trouble: no quiero causar ninguna molestia, I don't want to cause any trouble
2 (trabajo, esfuerzo) bother: se tomó la molestia de venir, he took the trouble to come
3 (fastidio) nuisance
4 (dolor) slight pain
' molestia' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
daño
- fastidiar
- fastidio
- fregado
- gaita
- incomodar
- trastorno
- ahorrar
- estorbo
- evitar
- joda
- joroba
- pasajero
- pesadez
- tomar
English:
annoyance
- bother
- discomfort
- inconvenience
- irritation
- nuisance
- palaver
- tiresomeness
- trouble
- pain
- put
* * *molestia nf1. [incomodidad] bother, trouble;este ruido es una molestia this noise is annoying;es una molestia vivir lejos del trabajo it's a nuisance living a long way from work;ahórrese molestias y pague con tarjeta save yourself a lot of trouble and pay by credit card;¿te llevo a la estación? – ahórrate la molestia, iré en taxi shall I give you a Br lift o US ride to the station? – don't bother, I'll get a cab;si no es demasiada molestia if it's not too much trouble;no es ninguna molestia it's no trouble;perdone la molestia, pero… sorry to bother you, but…;(les rogamos) disculpen las molestias (causadas) we apologize for any inconvenience caused;tomarse la molestia de hacer algo to go to o to take the trouble to do sth;¡no tenías por qué tomarte tantas molestias! you didn't have to go to such trouble!, you shouldn't have!2. [malestar] discomfort;siento molestias en el estómago my stomach doesn't feel too good;se retiró porque sentía algunas molestias en la rodilla he came off because his knee wasn't quite right* * *f ( incordio) nuisance;tomarse la molestia de go to the trouble of* * *molestia nf1) fastidio: annoyance, bother, nuisance2) : troublese tomó la molestia de investigar: she took the trouble to investigate3) malestar: discomfort* * *molestia n1. (incomodidad) trouble2. (dolor) slight pain3. (fastidio) nuisance / bother -
11 mundial
adj.1 world.2 worldwide, world, world-ranging, world-wide.f. & m.World Cup.m.World Championships.* * *► adjetivo1 worldwide, world1 world championship\de fama mundial world-famousmundial de fútbol World Cup* * *adj.world, worldwide* * *1.ADJ [acontecimiento, esfuerzo, organismo] worldwide; [economía, figura, población] world antes de suna crisis a escala mundial — a crisis on a worldwide scale, a global crisis
la primera guerra mundial — the First World War, World War I
la segunda guerra mundial — the Second World War, World War II
2.el Mundial o los Mundiales (de Fútbol) — the World Cup
el Mundial o los Mundiales de Atletismo — the Athletics World Cup o Championship
* * *Iadjetivo <historia/mercado> world (before n)IIes un problema mundial — it's a global o worldwide problem
* * *= world, global.Ex. The business community entered the field at a time when the world economy was shaken by the oil price rises of the seventies.Ex. Increasing competition and the ' global economy' is greatly affecting the geographic dispersement of these people and the breadth of their interests.----* aldea mundial de la información, la = global information village, the.* aldea mundial, la = global village, the.* alfabetización a nivel mundial = world literacy.* alfabetización mundial = world literacy.* a nivel mundial = worldwide [world-wide], globally.* autoridad mundial = world authority.* Banco Mundial, el = World Bank, the.* campeón mundial = world champion.* comunidad mundial, la = world community, the.* crisis económica mundial = global economic slump.* Cumbre Mundial sobre la Sociedad de la Información = World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).* de fama mundial = world-renowned, internationally renowned, world-renown.* de prestigio mundial = world-class.* de renombre mundial = world-renown, world-renowned.* economía mundial, la = world economy, the.* en el escenario mundial = on the world stage.* escena mundial, la = global scene, the.* Infraestructura Mundial para la Información = Global Information Infrastructure (GII).* marca mundial = world record.* mercado mundial = global market, world market.* Organización Mundial para el Comercio = World Trade Organization (WTO).* potencia mundial = world power.* Primera Guerra Mundial = World War I [First World War].* Programa Mundial de Alimentos, el = World Food Programme, the.* recesión mundial = world recession.* récord mundial = world record.* Segunda Guerra Mundial = World War II [Second World War].* * *Iadjetivo <historia/mercado> world (before n)IIes un problema mundial — it's a global o worldwide problem
* * *= world, global.Ex: The business community entered the field at a time when the world economy was shaken by the oil price rises of the seventies.
Ex: Increasing competition and the ' global economy' is greatly affecting the geographic dispersement of these people and the breadth of their interests.* aldea mundial de la información, la = global information village, the.* aldea mundial, la = global village, the.* alfabetización a nivel mundial = world literacy.* alfabetización mundial = world literacy.* a nivel mundial = worldwide [world-wide], globally.* autoridad mundial = world authority.* Banco Mundial, el = World Bank, the.* campeón mundial = world champion.* comunidad mundial, la = world community, the.* crisis económica mundial = global economic slump.* Cumbre Mundial sobre la Sociedad de la Información = World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS).* de fama mundial = world-renowned, internationally renowned, world-renown.* de prestigio mundial = world-class.* de renombre mundial = world-renown, world-renowned.* economía mundial, la = world economy, the.* en el escenario mundial = on the world stage.* escena mundial, la = global scene, the.* Infraestructura Mundial para la Información = Global Information Infrastructure (GII).* marca mundial = world record.* mercado mundial = global market, world market.* Organización Mundial para el Comercio = World Trade Organization (WTO).* potencia mundial = world power.* Primera Guerra Mundial = World War I [First World War].* Programa Mundial de Alimentos, el = World Food Programme, the.* recesión mundial = world recession.* récord mundial = world record.* Segunda Guerra Mundial = World War II [Second World War].* * *un artista de fama mundial a world-famous artist, an artist of worldwide renownel 65% del mercado mundial 65% of the world marketbatió la marca mundial she broke the world recordha tenido influencia a escala mundial she has been influential worldwidela historia mundial world historyes un problema mundial it's a global o worldwide problemla producción mundial de café world coffee productionla población mundial the population of the world, the world's populationWorld Championship(s)el mundial de fútbol the World Cupel mundial de natación the World Swimming Championships* * *
mundial adjetivo ‹historia/mercado› world ( before n);
de fama mundial world-famous;
es un problema mundial it's a global o worldwide problem
■ sustantivo masculino: tb mundiales sustantivo masculino plural
World Championship(s);
el mundial de fútbol the World Cup
mundial
I adjetivo worldwide
comercio mundial, world trade
Día Mundial de la Infancia, World Childhood Day
II m Dep world championship
' mundial' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
clasificación
- entrenarse
- fama
- global
- guerra
- récord
- telaraña
English:
aim
- global
- hold
- lead
- renown
- seminar
- ultimately
- world
- world-class
- world-famous
- worldwide
- do
- VE-Day
- web
- World Wide Web
* * *♦ adj[política, economía, guerra] world; [tratado, organización] worldwide;los líderes del sector a nivel mundial the world leaders in the sector;un escritor de fama mundial a world-famous writer♦ nmWorld Championships;[de fútbol, rugby] World Cup; [de Fórmula 1, motociclismo] world championship Mundial de Clubes [de fútbol] World Club Championship;mundial de rallies world rally championship* * *I adj world atrII m:el Mundial (de fútbol) the World Cup* * *mundial adj: world, worldwide* * *mundial1 adj1. (en general) world2. (universal) worldwidemundial2 n world championship -
12 Bundesrat
m1. BRD und Österreich: Bundesrat, Upper House (of the German / Austrian Parliament)2. Schweiz: Bundesrat, Executive Federal Council3. Österreich, Schweiz: (Person) member of the Bundesrat* * *The Bundesrat is the second chamber of the Federal Republic of Germany, representing the Länder. It has 69 members, who are not elected but delegated by the 16 Land governments. The most important of the Bundesrat's duties concerns legislation: Federal laws that impinge upon the responsibilities of the Länder require its approval. The Bundesrat may also object to other laws, although the Bundestag can overrule the objection. As a result, Federal policy can be influenced by parties who are in opposition in the Bundestag if these parties hold a majority in most of the Land parliaments. In Austria the Bundesrat has 63 members. Apart from being able to introduce its own proposals for legislation, the Bundesrat has certain rights of veto and approval with regard to laws passed by the Nationalrat. In Switzerland, however, the Bundesrat is the executive body, i.e. the government. The Bundesversammlung appoints seven Bundesräte (ministers), who must come from different cantons, for a period of four years. Each of these ministers is then placed in charge of a Departement. See: → Bundestag, Bundesversammlung, Nationalrat* * *Bun·des·rat1mBun·des·rat2, -rä·tinm, f ÖSTERR Member of the Bundesrat/Upper House of Parliament; SCHWEIZ Member of the Federal Council* * *1) Bundesrat2) (österr., schweiz.) Federal Council•• Cultural note:This is the upper house of the German parliamentary system, where the Länder are represented. The Bundesrat members are appointed by the Länder governments. The Bundesrat has to approve laws affecting the Länder, and also any changes to the Grundgesetz. Sometimes the opposition parties actually hold a majority in the Bundesrat, which allows them to influence German legislation* * *1. BRD und Österreich: Bundesrat, Upper House (of the German/Austrian Parliament)2. Schweiz: Bundesrat, Executive Federal Council3. Österreich, Schweiz: (Person) member of the Bundesrat* * *1) Bundesrat2) (österr., schweiz.) Federal Council•• Cultural note:This is the upper house of the German parliamentary system, where the Länder are represented. The Bundesrat members are appointed by the Länder governments. The Bundesrat has to approve laws affecting the Länder, and also any changes to the Grundgesetz. Sometimes the opposition parties actually hold a majority in the Bundesrat, which allows them to influence German legislation -
13 compromiso
m.1 commitment.2 engagement (cita).compromiso matrimonial engagement3 compromising or difficult situation.poner a alguien en un compromiso to put somebody in a difficult o awkward position4 compromise, in-between, give-and-take, happy medium.5 date, appointment, meeting, engagement.* * *1 (obligación) commitment, obligation2 (acuerdo) agreement4 (dificultad) difficult situation, bind5 (matrimonial) engagement\libre de compromiso without obligationponer a alguien en un compromiso to put somebody in a tight spot, put somebody in a difficult situationpor compromiso out of a sense of dutysoltero,-a y sin compromiso free and single, footloose and fancy-freecompromiso matrimonial engagementcompromiso verbal verbal agreement* * *noun m.1) commitment2) engagement* * *SM1) (=obligación)a) [por acuerdo, ideología] commitmentel gobierno reiteró su compromiso con el plan de paz — the government reiterated its commitment to the peace plan
esperamos que cumplan con su compromiso de bajar los impuestos — we hope they will honour their commitment to lowering taxes
•
sin compromiso — without obligationb) [por convenciones sociales]aunque no tenemos compromiso con ellos, los vamos a invitar — we're going to invite them even though we're under no obligation to
si le regalas ahora algo, la pondrás en el compromiso de invitarte a cenar — if you give her a present now, you'll make her feel obliged to take you out to dinner
•
por compromiso — out of a sense of dutyfui a la boda por compromiso — I felt obliged to go to the wedding, I went to the wedding out of a sense of duty
•
verse en el compromiso — to feel obliged2) (=aprieto)•
poner a algn en un compromiso — to put sb in an awkward position3) (=acuerdo) agreement; [con concesiones mutuas] compromiseuna fórmula de compromiso — a compromise, a compromise formula
4) (=cita)a) [con otras personas] engagementahora, si me disculpan, tengo que atender otros compromisos — now, if you will excuse me, I have other engagements
mañana no puede ser, tengo un compromiso — tomorrow is impossible, I'm otherwise engaged
¿tienes algún compromiso para esta noche? — do you have anything arranged for tonight?
b) (Dep) match5) [de matrimonio] engagementcompromiso matrimonial — engagement, engagement to marry
6) (Med)* * *1)a) ( obligación)el compromiso que ha adquirido con el electorado — the commitment o pledge he has made to the electorate
no voy a ir, yo con ellos no tengo ningún compromiso — I'm not going to go, I'm under no obligation to them
no le regales nada, lo pones en un compromiso — don't buy him anything or you'll make him feel he has to buy you something
b) (de artista, escritor) political commitment2) ( cita) engagementcompromisos sociales — social engagements o commitments
no pudo ir porque tenía otro compromiso — he couldn't go because he had arranged to do something else
tiene que atender otros compromisos — he has other matters o business to attend to
3) ( de matrimonio) engagement, betrothal (frml)4) ( acuerdo) agreement; ( con concesiones recíprocas) compromisellegaron a un compromiso — they came to o reached an agreement/a compromise
5) ( apuro) awkward situation* * *= commitment, engagement, stake in the ground.Ex. Bureaux can be useful for proving trials, and the deferment of commitments until a suitable size of data base has been accumulated in the computer system.Ex. Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.Ex. The first version of any software is usually best seen as a stake in the ground.----* alcanzar un compromiso = reach + agreement.* compromiso con = commitment to.* compromiso entre novios = engagement.* compromiso matrimonial, el = marriage bond, the.* compromiso oficial = public engagement.* compromiso personal = personal engagement, personal investment.* compromiso por escrito = written commitment, promissory.* compromiso social = social engagement.* compromiso verbal = verbal commitment.* con compromisos = strings attached.* cumplir (con) un compromiso = live up to + commitment.* libre y sin compromiso = footloose and fancy-free.* llegar a un compromiso = reach + agreement, meet + Nombre + halfway.* poner a Alguien en el compromiso de = leave + Nombre + with the choice of.* poner a Alguien en un compromiso = put + Alguien + on the spot.* sin compromiso = without obligation, fancy-free.* sin compromisos = with no strings attached.* * *1)a) ( obligación)el compromiso que ha adquirido con el electorado — the commitment o pledge he has made to the electorate
no voy a ir, yo con ellos no tengo ningún compromiso — I'm not going to go, I'm under no obligation to them
no le regales nada, lo pones en un compromiso — don't buy him anything or you'll make him feel he has to buy you something
b) (de artista, escritor) political commitment2) ( cita) engagementcompromisos sociales — social engagements o commitments
no pudo ir porque tenía otro compromiso — he couldn't go because he had arranged to do something else
tiene que atender otros compromisos — he has other matters o business to attend to
3) ( de matrimonio) engagement, betrothal (frml)4) ( acuerdo) agreement; ( con concesiones recíprocas) compromisellegaron a un compromiso — they came to o reached an agreement/a compromise
5) ( apuro) awkward situation* * *= commitment, engagement, stake in the ground.Ex: Bureaux can be useful for proving trials, and the deferment of commitments until a suitable size of data base has been accumulated in the computer system.
Ex: Any attempt to coerce a response without good reason based on that child's present predicament is to place in jeopardy the child's willing engagement now and in the future.Ex: The first version of any software is usually best seen as a stake in the ground.* alcanzar un compromiso = reach + agreement.* compromiso con = commitment to.* compromiso entre novios = engagement.* compromiso matrimonial, el = marriage bond, the.* compromiso oficial = public engagement.* compromiso personal = personal engagement, personal investment.* compromiso por escrito = written commitment, promissory.* compromiso social = social engagement.* compromiso verbal = verbal commitment.* con compromisos = strings attached.* cumplir (con) un compromiso = live up to + commitment.* libre y sin compromiso = footloose and fancy-free.* llegar a un compromiso = reach + agreement, meet + Nombre + halfway.* poner a Alguien en el compromiso de = leave + Nombre + with the choice of.* poner a Alguien en un compromiso = put + Alguien + on the spot.* sin compromiso = without obligation, fancy-free.* sin compromisos = with no strings attached.* * *A1(obligación): no respetó el compromiso adquirido con el electorado he reneged on the commitment o pledge he had made to the electorateha contraído el compromiso de educarlos en la fe católica she has undertaken o pledged to bring them up in the Catholic faithsolicite, sin compromiso alguno, nuestro folleto informativo ask/send for our brochure without obligationlos invitó por compromiso she felt obliged to invite them, she invited them out of a sense of dutyno les voy a regalar nada, yo con ellos no tengo ningún compromiso I'm not going to give them anything, I'm under no obligation to themno le regales nada, lo pones en un compromiso don't buy him anything or you'll make him feel he has to buy you somethingsoltero y sin compromiso free and single;2 (de un artista, escritor) political commitmentB (cita) engagementno pudo ir porque tenía otro compromiso he couldn't go because he had arranged to do something else, he was unable to attend as he had a prior engagement ( frml)tiene muchos compromisos sociales she has a lot of social engagements o commitmentsC (de matrimonio) engagement, betrothal ( frml)romper el compromiso to break off the engagementhan anunciado su compromiso matrimonial ( frml); they have announced their engagementD (acuerdo) agreement; (con concesiones recíprocas) compromisellegaron a un compromiso they came to o reached an agreement/a compromiseuna solución de compromiso a compromise (solution)E (apuro) awkward situationme pones en un compromiso you're putting me in an awkward positionF ( Med):un golpe en la cabeza con compromiso cerebral a blow to the head affecting the brain* * *
compromiso sustantivo masculino
sin compromiso alguno without obligation;
los invitó por compromiso she felt obliged to invite them;
yo con ellos no tengo ningún compromiso I'm under no obligation to them
◊ compromisos sociales social engagements o commitments
( con concesiones recíprocas) compromise;◊ llegaron a un compromiso they came to o reached an agreement/a compromise
compromiso sustantivo masculino
1 (obligación) obligation, commitment: pida presupuesto sin compromiso, ask for an estimate without obligation
tengo que hacer una visita de compromiso, I must pay a duty call
hacer algo por compromiso, to do sthg because one feels that one has to
2 (cita) engagement: tengo un compromiso previo, I have a previous engagement
3 (situación apurada) difficult o embarrassing situation: me pones en un compromiso, you're making it difficult for me
4 (acuerdo) agreement
5 frml compromiso (de boda), engagement: le regaló un anillo de compromiso, he gave her an engagement ring
' compromiso' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ligadura
- obligación
- palabra
- vale
- anillo
- argolla
- contraer
- cumplir
- deshacer
- desligarse
- deuda
- eludir
- novio
- plan
- romper
- usar
- zafar
English:
attach
- back out
- booking
- commitment
- date
- dedication
- default setting
- discharge
- engagement
- engagement ring
- fulfil
- fulfill
- half-way
- honour
- keep
- obligation
- otherwise
- outpouring
- pledge
- previous
- stand by
- stick by
- stick to
- unattached
- compromise
- engaged
- foot
- on
- prior
* * *compromiso nm1. [obligación] commitment;me vi en el compromiso de tener que aceptar I found myself obliged to accept;adquirí el compromiso de ayudarlos I undertook to help them;cumplir un compromiso to fulfil o honour a commitment;no cumplieron el compromiso de entregar las armas they did not honour their commitment to hand over their weapons;sin compromiso without obligation;reciba información en su domicilio, sin ningún compromiso let us send you our brochure without obligation2. [acuerdo] agreement;patronal y sindicatos alcanzaron un compromiso management and unions reached an agreement;presentaron una propuesta de compromiso they proposed a compromise3. [cita] engagement;esta noche tengo un compromiso y no podré salir contigo I'm busy this evening, so I won't be able to go out with you;si no tienes ningún compromiso, podríamos ir al cine if you're not doing anything else, we could go to the cinema4. [dificultad] compromising o difficult situation;poner a alguien en un compromiso to put sb in a difficult o awkward position5. [ideológico] commitment;ha dejado siempre claro su compromiso con la paz he has always made clear his commitment to peace6. [para casarse] engagement;han anunciado su compromiso they have announced their engagement;es una joven soltera y sin compromiso she's young, free and singlecompromiso matrimonial engagement7. [encuentro deportivo] fixture* * *m1 commitment2 ( obligación) obligation;sin compromiso COM without commitment;soltero y sin compromiso fam footloose and fancy-free3 ( acuerdo) agreement4 ( apuro) awkward situation5:compromiso (matrimonial) engagement* * *compromiso nm1) : obligation, commitment2) : engagementanillo de compromiso: engagement ring3) : agreement4) : awkward situation, fix* * *1. (cita, promesa de matrimonio) engagementno puedo, tengo un compromiso I can't, I've got a previous engagement2. (apuro) difficult situation -
14 dispersión
f.dispersion, scatter, disbandment, scattering.* * *1 (separación) dispersion; (esparcimiento) scattering* * *SF1) (=acto) [de grupo, multitud] dispersion; [de manifestación] breaking up; [de energía, neutrones] diffusion2) (=resultado) dispersal* * *a) ( de manifestación) dispersion, breaking up* * *= dispersement, scatter, scattering, dispersal, dispersion, sprawl.Ex. Increasing competition and the 'global economy' is greatly affecting the geographic dispersement of these people and the breadth of their interests.Ex. As we proceed down the citation order, the concepts in each successively cited facet are liable to an increasingly higher degree of scatter.Ex. All the concepts in the second cited facet will be liable to scattering.Ex. The results of citation studies suggest that the dispersal of political science articles is high.Ex. It was found that the dispersion of citations to periodicals conformed to a general law of distribution described by the Yule curve.Ex. The library has developed a unique system of cooperation and coordination in response to its size and sprawl.----* bomba de dispersión = cluster bomb, cluster munition.* diagrama de dispersión = scattergram.* dispersión alfabética = alphabetical scatter.* dispersión bibliográfica = bibliographic scattering.* dispersión de Bradford, la = Bradford distribution, the.* dispersión de caja = cash float, petty cash.* dispersión de frecuencias = frequency distribution.* dispersión temática = subject dispersion.* dispersión urbana = suburban sprawl, urban sprawl.* ley de dispersión = law of scattering.* Ley de Dispersión de Bradford = Bradford's distribution law, Bradford's Law of Scatter, Bradford's Law of Scattering.* * *a) ( de manifestación) dispersion, breaking up* * *= dispersement, scatter, scattering, dispersal, dispersion, sprawl.Ex: Increasing competition and the 'global economy' is greatly affecting the geographic dispersement of these people and the breadth of their interests.
Ex: As we proceed down the citation order, the concepts in each successively cited facet are liable to an increasingly higher degree of scatter.Ex: All the concepts in the second cited facet will be liable to scattering.Ex: The results of citation studies suggest that the dispersal of political science articles is high.Ex: It was found that the dispersion of citations to periodicals conformed to a general law of distribution described by the Yule curve.Ex: The library has developed a unique system of cooperation and coordination in response to its size and sprawl.* bomba de dispersión = cluster bomb, cluster munition.* diagrama de dispersión = scattergram.* dispersión alfabética = alphabetical scatter.* dispersión bibliográfica = bibliographic scattering.* dispersión de Bradford, la = Bradford distribution, the.* dispersión de caja = cash float, petty cash.* dispersión de frecuencias = frequency distribution.* dispersión temática = subject dispersion.* dispersión urbana = suburban sprawl, urban sprawl.* ley de dispersión = law of scattering.* Ley de Dispersión de Bradford = Bradford's distribution law, Bradford's Law of Scatter, Bradford's Law of Scattering.* * *1 (de una manifestación) dispersion, breaking up2 (de la atención) wandering, straying3 ( Fís) diffusion* * *dispersión nf1. [de objetos] scattering;[de luz, sonido, ondas] scattering, dispersal2. [de gentío] dispersal;[de manifestación] breaking up, dispersal; [de un pueblo] scattering3. [de persona] lack of concentration;debemos evitar la dispersión de esfuerzos we mustn't squander our efforts;debes centrarte en algo, tu problema es la dispersión you need to focus on something, you spread yourself too widely4. Fís dispersion* * *f dispersion* * * -
15 explícito
adj.explicit, plain, express, self-explanatory.* * *► adjetivo1 explicit* * *(f. - explícita)adj.* * *ADJ explicit* * *- ta adjetivoa) [ser] ( claro) explicitb) [estar] ( expresado) explicit, clearly stated* * *= explicit, overt, professed, expressed.Ex. Subject field to be covered must be determined by making explicit statements concerning the limits of topic coverage, and the depth in which various aspects of the subject are to be treated.Ex. Whether the conditioning was the result of overt analysis of the failure to learn lessons or whether they simply become covert factors subconsciously affecting the way later thought developed is something of a moot point.Ex. A close knowledge of the institution is also needed to distinguish between professed objectives, the official and manifest ones which appear in organizational preambles, and the practiced ones which are often latent in the operating program.Ex. Much of the bombing was carried out against the expressed demands of the allied military leadership.----* conocimiento explícito = explicit knowledge.* deseo explícito = explicit wish.* hacer explícito = make + explicit.* para ser más explícito = to elaborate a little further.* * *- ta adjetivoa) [ser] ( claro) explicitb) [estar] ( expresado) explicit, clearly stated* * *= explicit, overt, professed, expressed.Ex: Subject field to be covered must be determined by making explicit statements concerning the limits of topic coverage, and the depth in which various aspects of the subject are to be treated.
Ex: Whether the conditioning was the result of overt analysis of the failure to learn lessons or whether they simply become covert factors subconsciously affecting the way later thought developed is something of a moot point.Ex: A close knowledge of the institution is also needed to distinguish between professed objectives, the official and manifest ones which appear in organizational preambles, and the practiced ones which are often latent in the operating program.Ex: Much of the bombing was carried out against the expressed demands of the allied military leadership.* conocimiento explícito = explicit knowledge.* deseo explícito = explicit wish.* hacer explícito = make + explicit.* para ser más explícito = to elaborate a little further.* * *explícito -ta1 [ SER] (claro) explicitexpuso sus ideas de forma clara y explícita she put forward her ideas clearly and explicitly2 [ ESTAR] (expresado) explicit, clearly stated* * *
explícito◊ -ta adjetivo
explicit
explícito,-a adjetivo explicit
' explícito' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
explícita
- expreso
English:
explicit
- express
- specific
* * *explícito, -a adjexplicit;las razones están explícitas en su carta de dimisión the reasons are clearly set out in her letter of resignation* * *adj explicit* * *explícito, -ta adj: explicit♦ explícitamente adv -
16 fastidio
m.1 nuisance, bother (molestia).2 annoyance (enfado).3 drag, hassle, nuisance.4 boredom, tediousness.5 fastidium.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: fastidiar.* * *1 (molestia) bother, nuisance2 (aburrimiento) boredom3 (repugnancia) repugnance, revulsion\¡qué fastidio! what a nuisance!* * *noun m.annoyance, nuisance* * *SM1) (=molestia) annoyance, bother¡qué fastidio! — what a nuisance!
2) LAm (=asco) disgust, repugnance* * ** * *= annoyance, nuisance, aggravation, vexation, hassle, irritant, bummer, pest.Ex. False drops are perhaps less of an annoyance in a computer-based system when brief records can be quickly scanned and rejected as necessary.Ex. However, delays in the generation of centralised records can be a considerable nuisance.Ex. One reads, for instance, that a parameter in assessing the maximum period a user can be kept waiting is the ' aggravation quotient'.Ex. Its absence from the ninth edition must have caused some vexation among cataloguers.Ex. The article is entitled 'How to implement electronic subscriptions replacing the routing list hassle'.Ex. Common factors affecting the quality of air in libraries include scents and other controllable irritants, dust mites, moulds and other inhaled substances associated with paper and books.Ex. The article 'Bargains or bummers? Remainders' suggests that despite problems attaching to buying remainders, judicious purchasing of this stock can add valuable books to a library's collection at a very reasonable cost.Ex. Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the inconsiderate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.----* ser un fastidio = be a pest.* * ** * *= annoyance, nuisance, aggravation, vexation, hassle, irritant, bummer, pest.Ex: False drops are perhaps less of an annoyance in a computer-based system when brief records can be quickly scanned and rejected as necessary.
Ex: However, delays in the generation of centralised records can be a considerable nuisance.Ex: One reads, for instance, that a parameter in assessing the maximum period a user can be kept waiting is the ' aggravation quotient'.Ex: Its absence from the ninth edition must have caused some vexation among cataloguers.Ex: The article is entitled 'How to implement electronic subscriptions replacing the routing list hassle'.Ex: Common factors affecting the quality of air in libraries include scents and other controllable irritants, dust mites, moulds and other inhaled substances associated with paper and books.Ex: The article 'Bargains or bummers? Remainders' suggests that despite problems attaching to buying remainders, judicious purchasing of this stock can add valuable books to a library's collection at a very reasonable cost.Ex: Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the inconsiderate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.* ser un fastidio = be a pest.* * *1 (molestia) annoyance¡qué fastidio! what a nuisance!, what a pain o drag! ( colloq)2* * *
Del verbo fastidiar: ( conjugate fastidiar)
fastidio es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
fastidió es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
fastidiar
fastidio
fastidió
fastidiar ( conjugate fastidiar) verbo transitivo
‹fiesta/excursión› to spoil;
‹ estómago› to upset
verbo intransitivo:
¡no fastidies! ¿de veras? go on! you're kidding! (colloq)
fastidiarse verbo pronominal
b) (fam) ( jorobarse):◊ tendré que fastidiome I'll have to put up with it (colloq);
¡te fastidias! (Esp) tough! (colloq)
fastidio sustantivo masculino ( molestia) annoyance;◊ ¡qué fastidio! what a nuisance!
fastidiar verbo transitivo
1 (causar enojo, molestia) to annoy, bother: me fastidió mucho que no vinieras, I was upset that you couldn't come
2 fam (el pelo, un coche, etc) to damage, ruin: se ha vuelto a fastidiar la lavadora, the washing machine's broken down again
(un proyecto, plan) to spoil
3 (causar una herida) to hurt
fastidio sustantivo masculino
1 (enojo) nuisance
2 (molestia, lata) bother: es un fastidio tener que madrugar tanto, it's a pain having to get up early so often
3 (aburrimiento) bore
' fastidio' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
adiós
- contrariedad
- fastidiar
- fastidiarse
- martirio
- molestia
- pesadez
- rabia
- vaina
- ir
- joder
English:
irritation
- muck up
- tiresomeness
- which
- irritant
- peeved
* * *fastidio nm1. [molestia] nuisance, bother;¡qué fastidio! what a nuisance!2. [enfado] annoyance3. [aburrimiento] bore* * *m annoyance;¡qué fastidio! what a nuisance!* * *fastidio nm1) molestia: annoyance, nuisance, hassle2) aburrimiento: boredom* * *fastidio n (molestia) drag / nuisance¡qué fastidio! what a nuisance! -
17 hombro
m.shoulder.al hombro across one's shouldera hombros over one's shouldersencogerse de hombros to shrug one's shouldersarrimar el hombro to lend a handhacer algo hombro con hombro to do something togethermirar por encima del hombro a alguien to look down one's nose at somebody* * *1 shoulder\a hombros on one's shouldersarrimar el hombro to help out, lend a handecharse algo al hombro to shoulder somethingestar hombro a hombro con alguien figurado to rub shoulders with somebodytener la cabeza sobre los hombros figurado to have one's head squarely on one's shoulders* * *noun m.* * *SM shoulder¡armas al hombro!, ¡sobre el hombro armas! — shoulder arms!
•
cargar algo sobre los hombros — to shoulder sth•
echarse algo al hombro — to shoulder sth, take sth upon o.s.•
en hombros, sacar a algn en hombros — to carry sb out on their shoulders•
encogerse de hombros — to shrug one's shoulders, shrug•
enderezar los hombros — to square one's shoulders, straighten up* * *masculino shouldertiene los hombros caídos — ( hacia adelante) she has round shoulders; ( hacia el costado) she has sloping shoulders
lo llevaron a hombros — they carried him on their shoulders o shoulder high
arrimar el hombro — to pull one's weight, put one's shoulder to the wheel
echarse algo al hombro — ( asumir) to shoulder something, take something on
hombro con hombro — shoulder to shoulder
mirar a alguien por encima del hombro — to look down on somebody
* * *= shoulder.Ex. The predominant symptom is pain affecting the neck, shoulder and arm on the dominant side for movement.----* a la altura de los hombros = shoulder-high.* a la anchura de los hombros = shoulder-width.* andar con los hombros caídos = slouch.* arrimar el hombro = pull + Posesivo + (own) weight, pull together, lend + a (helping) hand, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in.* caminar con los hombros caídos = slouch.* con la anchura de los hombros = shoulder-width.* encogerse de hombros = shrug + Posesivo + shoulders, shrug.* encogimiento de hombros = shrug.* estar manga por hombro = be a shambles, be (in) a mess.* hasta los hombros = shoulder-high, shoulder-length.* hombro en el que llorar = comforting shoulder.* llevar a hombros = carry + Nombre + shoulder-high.* llevar sobre los hombros = carry on + Posesivo + shoulders.* manga por hombro = topsy-turvy, in shambles, upside down, all over the place.* mirar por encima del hombre = look down + Posesivo + nose at.* mirar por encima del hombro = look over + Posesivo + shoulders, look down on/upon.* mirar por encima del hombro a la gente = look down + Posesivo + nose at people.* que llega hasta los hombres = shoulder-length.* sentarse con los hombros caídos = slouch.* * *masculino shouldertiene los hombros caídos — ( hacia adelante) she has round shoulders; ( hacia el costado) she has sloping shoulders
lo llevaron a hombros — they carried him on their shoulders o shoulder high
arrimar el hombro — to pull one's weight, put one's shoulder to the wheel
echarse algo al hombro — ( asumir) to shoulder something, take something on
hombro con hombro — shoulder to shoulder
mirar a alguien por encima del hombro — to look down on somebody
* * *= shoulder.Ex: The predominant symptom is pain affecting the neck, shoulder and arm on the dominant side for movement.
* a la altura de los hombros = shoulder-high.* a la anchura de los hombros = shoulder-width.* andar con los hombros caídos = slouch.* arrimar el hombro = pull + Posesivo + (own) weight, pull together, lend + a (helping) hand, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in.* caminar con los hombros caídos = slouch.* con la anchura de los hombros = shoulder-width.* encogerse de hombros = shrug + Posesivo + shoulders, shrug.* encogimiento de hombros = shrug.* estar manga por hombro = be a shambles, be (in) a mess.* hasta los hombros = shoulder-high, shoulder-length.* hombro en el que llorar = comforting shoulder.* llevar a hombros = carry + Nombre + shoulder-high.* llevar sobre los hombros = carry on + Posesivo + shoulders.* manga por hombro = topsy-turvy, in shambles, upside down, all over the place.* mirar por encima del hombre = look down + Posesivo + nose at.* mirar por encima del hombro = look over + Posesivo + shoulders, look down on/upon.* mirar por encima del hombro a la gente = look down + Posesivo + nose at people.* que llega hasta los hombres = shoulder-length.* sentarse con los hombros caídos = slouch.* * *shoulderse puso el abrigo por los hombros she wrapped her coat around her shouldersllevaba el fusil al hombro he was carrying his rifle on his shouldertiene los hombros caídos (hacia adelante) she has round shoulders, she is round-shouldered; (hacia el costado) she has sloping shoulders¡al hombro, ar! shoulder arms!se encogió de hombros he shrugged (his shoulders)lo sacaron de la plaza a hombros they carried him out of the ring on their shoulders o shoulder highllevaba al niño en hombros he was carrying the child on his shouldersarrimar el hombro to pull one's weight, put one's shoulder to the wheelecharse algo al hombro (asumir) to shoulder sth, take sth onhombro con hombro shoulder to shoulderluchar/trabajar hombro con hombro to fight/work shoulder to shouldermeterle or ponerle el hombro a algo ( Andes); to put one's back into sthmirar a algn por encima del hombro to look down on sbponerle el hombro (ayudar) to pull one's weight(afrontar): la vida es así, hay que ponerle el hombro life's like that, we just have to face up to it* * *
hombro sustantivo masculino
shoulder;
lo llevaron a hombros they carried him on their shoulders o shoulder high;
arrimar el hombro to pull one's weight, put one's shoulder to the wheel;
mirar a algn por encima del hombro to look down on sb
hombro sustantivo masculino shoulder
♦ Locuciones: a hombros, on one's shoulders
arrimar el hombro, to set one's shoulder to the wheel
encogerse de hombros, to shrug one's shoulders
mirar a alguien por encima del hombro, to look down one's nose at sb
hombro con hombro, shoulder to shoulder
' hombro' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
arrimar
- balazo
- disparar
- floripondio
- luxación
- recostarse
- alforja
- morral
English:
disdain
- dislocate
- elbow-grease
- graze
- shoulder
- shoulder-joint
- shoulder-length
- look
- nose
- over
- pitch
- under
* * *hombro nmshoulder;al hombro across one's shoulder;llevaba la caja al hombro he carried the box on his shoulder;a hombros over one's shoulders;sacaron al torero a hombros they carried the bullfighter out shoulder-high;una camiseta sin hombros a strapless top;la chaqueta me queda ancha de hombros this jacket is too wide in the shoulder, the shoulders are too wide on this jacket;arrimar el hombro to lend a hand;encogerse de hombros to shrug one's shoulders;hacer algo hombro con hombro to do sth together;mirar por encima del hombro a alguien to look down one's nose at sb* * *m shoulder;hombro con hombro shoulder to shoulder;encogerse de hombros shrug (one’s shoulders);mirar a alguien por encima del hombro fig look down on s.o.* * *hombro nm: shoulderencogerse de hombros: to shrug one's shoulders* * *hombro n shoulder -
18 implícito
adj.implicit, comprised, express, implied.* * *► adjetivo1 implicit\llevar impícito,-a algo to imply something* * *(f. - implícita)adj.* * *ADJ implicit* * *- ta adjetivo implicit* * *= covert, implicit, implied, tacit.Ex. Whether the conditioning was the result of overt analysis of the failure to learn lessons or whether they simply become covert factors subconsciously affecting the way later thought developed is something of a moot point.Ex. They are considered to be implicit in the general expression 'social anthropology' ie in the summarization of the total subject of the document.Ex. Desiderata contained or implied in cataloging codes, abandoned because of the expense or difficulty of application, can be implemented with relative ease by properly employing the computer's capabilities.Ex. Finally, the tacit assumption so far has been that we are dealing with a single document collection.----* estar implícito en = run through.* sentido implícito = subtext.* * *- ta adjetivo implicit* * *= covert, implicit, implied, tacit.Ex: Whether the conditioning was the result of overt analysis of the failure to learn lessons or whether they simply become covert factors subconsciously affecting the way later thought developed is something of a moot point.
Ex: They are considered to be implicit in the general expression 'social anthropology' ie in the summarization of the total subject of the document.Ex: Desiderata contained or implied in cataloging codes, abandoned because of the expense or difficulty of application, can be implemented with relative ease by properly employing the computer's capabilities.Ex: Finally, the tacit assumption so far has been that we are dealing with a single document collection.* estar implícito en = run through.* sentido implícito = subtext.* * *implícito -taimplicit* * *
implícito◊ -ta adjetivo
implicit
implícito,-a adjetivo implicit, implied
' implícito' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
implícita
English:
implicit
* * *implícito, -a adjimplicit* * *adj implicit* * *implícito, -ta adj: implied, implicit♦ implícitamente adv -
19 incordio
m.1 pain, nuisance (informal). (peninsular Spanish)2 tumor, bubo.3 annoyance, bother, boring thing.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: incordiar.* * *1 familiar nuisance* * *masculino (Esp fam) nuisance, pain in the neck (colloq)* * *= pest, nuisance, irritant, hassle.Ex. Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the inconsiderate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.Ex. However, delays in the generation of centralised records can be a considerable nuisance.Ex. Common factors affecting the quality of air in libraries include scents and other controllable irritants, dust mites, moulds and other inhaled substances associated with paper and books.Ex. The article is entitled 'How to implement electronic subscriptions replacing the routing list hassle'.----* ser un incordio = be a thorn in + Posesivo + side, be a pest, be a pain in the ass, be a pain the neck, be a pain in the arse, be a pain in the backside, be a pain in the proverbials.* * *masculino (Esp fam) nuisance, pain in the neck (colloq)* * *= pest, nuisance, irritant, hassle.Ex: Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the inconsiderate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.
Ex: However, delays in the generation of centralised records can be a considerable nuisance.Ex: Common factors affecting the quality of air in libraries include scents and other controllable irritants, dust mites, moulds and other inhaled substances associated with paper and books.Ex: The article is entitled 'How to implement electronic subscriptions replacing the routing list hassle'.* ser un incordio = be a thorn in + Posesivo + side, be a pest, be a pain in the ass, be a pain the neck, be a pain in the arse, be a pain in the backside, be a pain in the proverbials.* * *1 (persona pesada) nuisance, pest ( colloq)* * *
Del verbo incordiar: ( conjugate incordiar)
incordio es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
incordió es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
incordiar
incordio
incordiar ( conjugate incordiar) verbo transitivo (Esp fam) to annoy, to pester (colloq)
verbo intransitivo (Esp):◊ ¡no incordies! don't be such a nuisance!
incordio sustantivo masculino (Esp fam) nuisance, pain in the neck (colloq)
incordiar vtr fam to bother, pester
incordio m fam nuisance, pain
' incordio' also found in these entries:
English:
liability
- nuisance
* * *incordio nmEsp Fam pain;este coche es un incordio this car is a real pain;nuestros vecinos son un incordio our neighbours are a pain (in the neck);es un incordio tener que madrugar tanto it's a pain having to get up so early* * *m nuisance -
20 inhibidor
adj.inhibitory, restraining.m.inhibitor, suppressant, suppresser, suppressor.* * *1.ADJ inhibiting2.SM inhibitor* * *- dora adjetivo inhibiting (before n)* * *= inhibiting, inhibitor, restraining, dopant.Ex. This, of course, assumes that we consider the concept Primary Schools to be the inhibiting factor in the initial search.Ex. All considerations of changing or developing curricula have to take account of inadequacies and inflexibilities in this area as probably the most potent inhibitors of change.Ex. The author discusses the driving and restraining forces affecting the probability and desirability of interaction between the school and the public library in providing library services to children.Ex. The exposed part is changed by the radiation or a dopant can be applied to join individual components together.* * *- dora adjetivo inhibiting (before n)* * *= inhibiting, inhibitor, restraining, dopant.Ex: This, of course, assumes that we consider the concept Primary Schools to be the inhibiting factor in the initial search.
Ex: All considerations of changing or developing curricula have to take account of inadequacies and inflexibilities in this area as probably the most potent inhibitors of change.Ex: The author discusses the driving and restraining forces affecting the probability and desirability of interaction between the school and the public library in providing library services to children.Ex: The exposed part is changed by the radiation or a dopant can be applied to join individual components together.* * *inhibiting ( before n)inhibitorinhibidor del crecimiento growth inhibitorinhibidor del apetito appetite depressant
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